武汉市江夏区107国道K1302+418贺站桥封闭交通
百度 原标题:习近平同喀麦隆总统比亚举行会谈两国元首一致同意推动中喀关系迈向更高水平新华社北京3月22日电(记者李忠发)国家主席习近平22日在人民大会堂同喀麦隆总统比亚举行会谈。
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?????????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??? ??????. ??, ?????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????. ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??????, ????? ??????, ????? ????????????? ?????????? ?????. ????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ??????????, ??????? ??? ??? "????????? ?????" ?? "????????? ???????" (Low-tech) ??? ??? ???? ????????? ????? (High Tech).
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[????? ??? ???? | ?????]???? ????? ???????: "Τεχνο" (????) – ??????, "Λογ?α" (?????) – ????; ?????: ???? ???????.
??? ????? ?-19, ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? Technik (??????) ?? technique (??????) ??? ??????? ?"??? ?????", ????? ?? ?? ???????? ???????, ????: ?????, ????? ?? ?????, ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???. ????? ?????, ????? Technologie (??????? ???????) ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ????????, ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????????. ?????? ??? Technik ?-Technologie ????? ???????, ???? ????? ?????? ??????????. ????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????, ??? ??"???? ????????? ?? ???'????".[1]
???? ?-20, ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????, ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????: ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????.
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[????? ??? ???? | ?????]????? ??????? – ???????? ?? ??????????
?????????? ????????????? ??? ???? ????????? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ???? ?????, ???? ????, ?????? ?????, ???? ????????? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????. ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? – ??????, ??????? ?????? (???????????). ??? ?????? ??, ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????????? – ??????: ???? ????? (????????? ??? ????????) ?????? ?????? ??, ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? – ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????, ?????? ?????? ??? ???? – ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????. ????? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????. ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? (?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????), ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???????.
???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????????, ??? ????? ????? ????. ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???????????.[2] ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ????. ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ????? ??. ????: ????? ????, ????? ?????? ?????? ???.
????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?-15 ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???????, ??? ????? ???? ?-15 ??? ????? ???? ?-17.
????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?'???? ??? ???? 1774 ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????-?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????, ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????.
??? ?????? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?-20 ??????? ????, ?????? ??????, ???, ??????, ?????? ???????. ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????????? ????? ?-20 ?????, ??? ????? ??????.
?????????? ??????????? ???? ?-21 ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????????????, ????? ????????????, ????? ?????? (??? ?????? ????), ?????????? ??? ??????????? (??????: ??? ???, ??????? ???????), ??? ????????, ???????-??, ????? ???????, ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?????????.
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[????? ??? ???? | ?????]??? ????? – ????? ??? ?????????

????? ??? ????????? – (Technology Life Cycle (TLC – ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??????????. ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????. ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??????????, ?????? ???? ???? ????.[3] ????? ????, ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? (?? ?? ????) ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??????????.[4] ?????, ???? ?? ????? ?-TLC ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????????.
?-TLC ?????? ?????? ?????:
1. "??? ????? ???????" (??"?) (????? ?????? "??? ????") ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????
2. "??? ??????" ??? ?????????, ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? A (????? ?????? "??? ?????")
3. "??? ??????" ???? ?? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ???????, ????? ???? ?????? (????? ???? M)
4. "??? ??????" (?? ??? ??????), ???? ???? ????? D ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????????.
????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????????, ????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? – ?"???? ?????", ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????????? ????? ??? ????? ?????, ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ??????.[5]
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[????? ??? ???? | ?????]????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????. ????? ????????? ???????, ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????, ??????????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???. ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???, ????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????, ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????.[6] ?? ????? ?? ????, ?????? ???? ????, ????? ?????, ??????? ???? ?? ?????; ?????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????.[7] ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????????: ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????, ????? ??????? ????? ????????, ????? ????? ??????? ????, ?? ?????, ???, ??? ???????.[8]
?????????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????, ????? ?????? ???? ???????, ???????? ??????, ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????, ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????. ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????, ?? ?????? ??????????? ?? ????????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????????. ??????, ???????? ???? ?"?????????? ?????" ????????????? ?? ???, ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????????. ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ????????, ???? ?????????????, ?????, ???? ???? ???????. ??? ???? ?-70, ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????, ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????, ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????.
????? ??????
[????? ??? ???? | ?????]??? ????? ?????, ?????????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ????. ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????; ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? (???? ???????), ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????. ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ????????.[9] ??? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????, ?????? ????? ????????, ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????; ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????. ??? ???? 2019 ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ?????.[10] ?? ?? ??"? ???? 2020 ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????, ???? ???????? ????? ?????? 85 ?????? ????? ????? ?????, ?????? 97 ?????? ????? ????? ?? 2025.[11] ??? ????? 1990 ?-2007, ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??'????? ?-MIT ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? 1,000 ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????????? ?-0.2%, ?? ?-3.3 ??????, ??????? ?? ???? ?-0.42%. ?? ???, ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ??. ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?'????? ??? ??? ???? 1964, "?????????? ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ??? ????? ?????, ????????? ????????????? ??????? ?????? ????; ???? ????? ??? ????, ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????". ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????????, ???????? ?????? ??????.[12]
????? ?????? ??????
[????? ??? ???? | ?????]?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????????, ????:
- ????? ?????????? ???? ???????, ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????.[13] ?? ?? ??? ??????? ?????, ????????, ???? ????? ?????? ?????-???????, ?? ”?????????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????; ??? ??????? ?? ????????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????”.[14] ???? ?????, ????? ?????????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????, ?? ????? ????? ??????? (????????).
- "?????????" – ???? ???? ????????? (???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ?????.[15] ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ????? "????-???????", ??? – ???? ????????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????, ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????, ???????? ?????????, ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????.
- ??????? – ???? ????????? ????? ??????????, ?? ????? ????? ?????, ??? ????? ????? ????? (?????, ?????) ???????? ?????? ?? ????.[16]
- ???? ???????? – ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????????, ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????????, ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?????. ???? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????, ?????? ????? ???-??????? ???????, ?????, ??????, ???? ????.
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[????? ??? ???? | ?????]- ??? ??????' ??? ???, ???? "?????????", ???? ??????????? ?? ????????
- ?????????, ???? ??????????? ???????? (???????)
?????????, ?? ??? ??????? ???????
- ?"? ???? ????, ???????, ??? ?????? "?????????" – ??? ?', ???? ynet, 10 ???? 2009
- ??? ????? ?????? – ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????.
- ???? ????: ????? ????????? ????? – ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???????
- ?????? ?????: ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? – ????? ??????? ???? TED ?? ??????? ??????
- ?????? ?? #14 – ??? ????????? ?? ??? ?????? – ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????????
- ???? ???, ????? ?? ????: ???? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????????, ???? "????? ???????", 7 ??????? 2019
- ???? ??????, ?????? ????? ????????: ?????????? ???? ?????? ?????, ???? ?????, 7 ????? 2019
- ????? ?????, ????? ?????????? ??????, ???? ?????? 16 ???? 2020
????? ??????
[????? ??? ???? | ?????]- ^ Schatzberg, Eric (2006). ""Technik" Comes to America: Changing Meanings of "Technology" before 1930". Technology and Culture. 47 (3): 486–512. doi:10.1353/tech.2006.0201. ISSN 0040-165X. JSTOR 40061169. S2CID 143784033.
- ^ ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???????, ???? ?????, 27 ?????? 2020
- ^ ???? ???? ?????, ????? ??? ?? ????: ???? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??????-????? - ????? ????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ?"??????????", ???? TheMarker?, 29 ??????? 2011
- ^ ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? – ???? ???? ?????? ?????-??, ???? TheMarker?, 7 ?????? 2025
- ^ ????? ???, ????? ?? ?? ?????-??: ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????-??, ???? TheMarker?, 12 ??????? 2019
- ^ ???? ????, ???????, ??? ??????: ?? ????? ???? ????, ???? ????, 24 ??????? 2011
- ^ ???? ?????, ?????? ?????? ????? "?? ???" ??? ???? 790 ??? ????, ???? ????, 6 ???? 2004
- ^ ??? ?????, ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ????: ?? ?????? ??????? ?????, ???? ????, 20 ???? 2019
- ^ ??????????, ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????: ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?-21, ???? TheMarker?, 9 ??????? 2017
- ^ ???? ?????????, ???? ??????: ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????, ???? TheMarker?, 16 ???? 2019
- ^ ??? ?????????, 20% ???????? ?????, ???? ??? ?????, 17 ???? 2025
- ^ ??? ????, ???? ???????? ??????? ????, ???? TheMarker?, 21 ???? 2015
- ^ ???? ?? ????, ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?"?? ?????", ???? ????, 23 ??????? 2013
- ^ ??????? ?????, ???????? ??????, ????: ???? ????, ????? ??????, 2013, ??' 303–304
- ^ ????? ?????, ?"????? ?? ???? ??? ??????", ???? ?????, 11 ???? 2000
???? ???, ?????????? ???? ???????, ???? ?????, 24 ??????? 2005 - ^ ????? ??? ?????, ???????, ???? ?????, 18 ??????? 2007
?"? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?? ????????, ??????? ????????, ???? ?????, 18 ??????? 2015